libremetaverse/CSJ2K/j2k/entropy/encoder/StdEntropyCoder.cs

/* 
* CVS identifier:
* 
* $Id: StdEntropyCoder.java,v 1.41 2002/07/04 15:53:32 grosbois Exp $
* 
* Class:                   StdEntropyCoder
* 
* Description:             Entropy coding engine of stripes in code-blocks
* 
* 
* 
* COPYRIGHT:
* 
* This software module was originally developed by Rapha<EFBFBD>l Grosbois and
* Diego Santa Cruz (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-EPFL); Joel
* Askel<EFBFBD>f (Ericsson Radio Systems AB); and Bertrand Berthelot, David
* Bouchard, F<EFBFBD>lix Henry, Gerard Mozelle and Patrice Onno (Canon Research
* Centre France S.A) in the course of development of the JPEG2000
* standard as specified by ISO/IEC 15444 (JPEG 2000 Standard). This
* software module is an implementation of a part of the JPEG 2000
* Standard. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-EPFL, Ericsson Radio
* Systems AB and Canon Research Centre France S.A (collectively JJ2000
* Partners) agree not to assert against ISO/IEC and users of the JPEG
* 2000 Standard (Users) any of their rights under the copyright, not
* including other intellectual property rights, for this software module
* with respect to the usage by ISO/IEC and Users of this software module
* or modifications thereof for use in hardware or software products
* claiming conformance to the JPEG 2000 Standard. Those intending to use
* this software module in hardware or software products are advised that
* their use may infringe existing patents. The original developers of
* this software module, JJ2000 Partners and ISO/IEC assume no liability
* for use of this software module or modifications thereof. No license
* or right to this software module is granted for non JPEG 2000 Standard
* conforming products. JJ2000 Partners have full right to use this
* software module for his/her own purpose, assign or donate this
* software module to any third party and to inhibit third parties from
* using this software module for non JPEG 2000 Standard conforming
* products. This copyright notice must be included in all copies or
* derivative works of this software module.
* 
* Copyright (c) 1999/2000 JJ2000 Partners.
* */
#define DO_TIMING

using CSJ2K.j2k.quantization.quantizer;
using CSJ2K.j2k.wavelet.analysis;
using CSJ2K.j2k.wavelet;
using CSJ2K.j2k.image;
using CSJ2K.j2k.util;

namespace CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.encoder
{
	
	/// <summary> This class implements the JPEG 2000 entropy coder, which codes stripes in
	/// code-blocks. This entropy coding engine can function in a single-threaded
	/// mode where one code-block is encoded at a time, or in a multi-threaded mode
	/// where multiple code-blocks are entropy coded in parallel. The interface
	/// presented by this class is the same in both modes.
	/// 
	/// <p>The number of threads used by this entropy coder is specified by the
	/// "jj2000.j2k.entropy.encoder.StdEntropyCoder.nthreads" Java system
	/// property. If set to "0" the single threaded implementation is used. If set
	/// to 'n' ('n' larger than 0) then 'n' extra threads are started by this class
	/// which are used to encode the code-blocks in parallel (i.e. ideally 'n'
	/// code-blocks will be encoded in parallel at a time). On multiprocessor
	/// machines under a "native threads" Java Virtual Machine implementation each
	/// one of these threads can run on a separate processor speeding up the
	/// encoding time. By default the single-threaded implementation is used. The
	/// multi-threaded implementation currently assumes that the vast majority of
	/// consecutive calls to 'getNextCodeBlock()' will be done on the same
	/// component. If this is not the case, the speed-up that can be expected on
	/// multiprocessor machines might be significantly decreased.</p>
	/// 
	/// <p>The code-blocks are rectangular, with dimensions which must be powers of
	/// 2. Each dimension has to be no smaller than 4 and no larger than 256. The
	/// product of the two dimensions (i.e. area of the code-block) may not exceed
	/// 4096.</p>
	/// 
	/// <p>Context 0 of the MQ-coder is used as the uniform one (uniform,
	/// non-adaptive probability distribution). Context 1 is used for RLC
	/// coding. Contexts 2-10 are used for zero-coding (ZC), contexts 11-15 are
	/// used for sign-coding (SC) and contexts 16-18 are used for
	/// magnitude-refinement (MR).</p>
	/// 
	/// <p>This implementation buffers the symbols and calls the MQ coder only once
	/// per stripe and per coding pass, to reduce the method call overhead.</p>
	/// 
	/// <p>This implementation also provides some timing features. They can be
	/// enabled by setting the 'DO_TIMING' constant of this class to true and
	/// recompiling. The timing uses the 'System.currentTimeMillis()' Java API
	/// call, which returns wall clock time, not the actual CPU time used. The
	/// timing results will be printed on the message output. Since the times
	/// reported are wall clock times and not CPU usage times they can not be added
	/// to find the total used time (i.e. some time might be counted in several
	/// places). When timing is disabled ('DO_TIMING' is false) there is no penalty
	/// if the compiler performs some basic optimizations. Even if not the penalty
	/// should be negligeable.</p>
	/// 
	/// <p>The source module must implement the CBlkQuantDataSrcEnc interface and
	/// code-block's data is received in a CBlkWTData instance. This modules sends
	/// code-block's information in a CBlkRateDistStats instance.</p>
	/// 
	/// </summary>
	/// <seealso cref="CBlkQuantDataSrcEnc">
	/// </seealso>
	/// <seealso cref="CBlkWTData">
	/// </seealso>
	/// <seealso cref="CBlkRateDistStats">
	/// 
	/// </seealso>
	public class StdEntropyCoder:EntropyCoder
	{
#if DO_TIMING		
		/// <summary>The cumulative wall time for the entropy coding engine, for each
		/// component. In the single-threaded implementation it is the total time,
		/// in the multi-threaded implementation it is the time spent managing the
		/// compressor threads only. 
		/// </summary>
		private long[] time;
#endif
		
		/// <summary>A flag indicating for each component if all the code-blocks of the *
		/// current tile have been returned. Used in multithreaded implementation
		/// only. 
		/// </summary>
		private bool[] finishedTileComponent;
		
		/// <summary>The MQ coder used, for each thread </summary>
		private MQCoder[] mqT;
		
		/// <summary>The raw bit output used, for each thread </summary>
		private BitToByteOutput[] boutT;
		
		/// <summary>The output stream used, for each thread </summary>
		private ByteOutputBuffer[] outT;
		
		/// <summary>The code-block size specifications </summary>
		private CBlkSizeSpec cblks;
		
		/// <summary>The precinct partition specifications </summary>
		private PrecinctSizeSpec pss;
		
		/// <summary>By-pass mode specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec bms;
		
		/// <summary>MQ reset specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec mqrs;
		
		/// <summary>Regular termination specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec rts;
		
		/// <summary>Causal stripes specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec css;
		
		/// <summary>Error resilience segment symbol use specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec sss;
		
		/// <summary>The length calculation specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec lcs;
		
		/// <summary>The termination type specifications </summary>
		public StringSpec tts;
		
		/// <summary>The options that are turned on, as flag bits. One element for each
		/// tile-component. The options are 'OPT_TERM_PASS', 'OPT_RESET_MQ',
		/// 'OPT_VERT_STR_CAUSAL', 'OPT_BYPASS' and 'OPT_SEG_SYMBOLS' as defined in
		/// the StdEntropyCoderOptions interface
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <seealso cref="StdEntropyCoderOptions">
		/// 
		/// </seealso>
		private int[][] opts = null;
		
		/// <summary>The length calculation type for each tile-component </summary>
		private int[][] lenCalc = null;
		
		/// <summary>The termination type for each tile-component </summary>
		private int[][] tType = null;
		
		/// <summary>Number of bits used for the Zero Coding lookup table </summary>
		private const int ZC_LUT_BITS = 8;
		
		/// <summary>Zero Coding context lookup tables for the LH global orientation </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'ZC_LUT_LH '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] ZC_LUT_LH = new int[1 << ZC_LUT_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>Zero Coding context lookup tables for the HL global orientation </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'ZC_LUT_HL '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] ZC_LUT_HL = new int[1 << ZC_LUT_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>Zero Coding context lookup tables for the HH global orientation </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'ZC_LUT_HH '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] ZC_LUT_HH = new int[1 << ZC_LUT_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>Number of bits used for the Sign Coding lookup table </summary>
		private const int SC_LUT_BITS = 9;
		
		/// <summary>Sign Coding context lookup table. The index into the table is a 9 bit
		/// index, which correspond the the value in the 'state' array shifted by
		/// 'SC_SHIFT'. Bits 8-5 are the signs of the horizontal-left,
		/// horizontal-right, vertical-up and vertical-down neighbors,
		/// respectively. Bit 4 is not used (0 or 1 makes no difference). Bits 3-0
		/// are the significance of the horizontal-left, horizontal-right,
		/// vertical-up and vertical-down neighbors, respectively. The least 4 bits
		/// of the value in the lookup table define the context number and the sign
		/// bit defines the "sign predictor". 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SC_LUT '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] SC_LUT = new int[1 << SC_LUT_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>The mask to obtain the context index from the 'SC_LUT' </summary>
		private const int SC_LUT_MASK = (1 << 4) - 1;
		
		/// <summary>The shift to obtain the sign predictor from the 'SC_LUT'. It must be
		/// an unsigned shift. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int SC_SPRED_SHIFT = 31;
		
		/// <summary>The sign bit for int data </summary>
		private const int INT_SIGN_BIT = 1 << 31;
		
		/// <summary>The number of bits used for the Magnitude Refinement lookup table </summary>
		private const int MR_LUT_BITS = 9;
		
		/// <summary>Magnitude Refinement context lookup table </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'MR_LUT '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] MR_LUT = new int[1 << MR_LUT_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>The number of contexts used </summary>
		private const int NUM_CTXTS = 19;
		
		/// <summary>The RLC context </summary>
		private const int RLC_CTXT = 1;
		
		/// <summary>The UNIFORM context (with a uniform probability distribution which
		/// does not adapt) 
		/// </summary>
		private const int UNIF_CTXT = 0;
		
		/// <summary>The initial states for the MQ coder </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'MQ_INIT'. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] MQ_INIT = new int[]{46, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
		
		/// <summary>The 4 bits of the error resilience segmentation symbol (1010) </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SEG_SYMBOLS'. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] SEG_SYMBOLS = new int[]{1, 0, 1, 0};
		
		/// <summary>The 4 contexts for the error resilience segmentation symbol (always
		/// the UNIFORM context, UNIF_CTXT) 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SEG_SYMB_CTXTS '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] SEG_SYMB_CTXTS = new int[]{UNIF_CTXT, UNIF_CTXT, UNIF_CTXT, UNIF_CTXT};
		
		/// <summary> The state array for each thread. Each element of the state array stores
		/// the state of two coefficients. The lower 16 bits store the state of a
		/// coefficient in row 'i' and column 'j', while the upper 16 bits store
		/// the state of a coefficient in row 'i+1' and column 'j'. The 'i' row is
		/// either the first or the third row of a stripe. This packing of the
		/// states into 32 bit words allows a faster scan of all coefficients on
		/// each coding pass and diminished the amount of data transferred. The
		/// size of the state array is increased by 1 on each side (top, bottom,
		/// left, right) to handle boundary conditions without any special logic.
		/// 
		/// <p>The state of a coefficient is stored in the following way in the
		/// lower 16 bits, where bit 0 is the least significant bit. Bit 15 is the
		/// significance of a coefficient (0 if non-significant, 1 otherwise). Bit
		/// 14 is the visited state (i.e. if a coefficient has been coded in the
		/// significance propagation pass of the current bit-plane). Bit 13 is the
		/// "non zero-context" state (i.e. if one of the eight immediate neighbors
		/// is significant it is 1, otherwise is 0). Bits 12 to 9 store the sign of
		/// the already significant left, right, up and down neighbors (1 for
		/// negative, 0 for positive or not yet significant). Bit 8 indicates if
		/// the magnitude refinement has already been applied to the
		/// coefficient. Bits 7 to 4 store the significance of the left, right, up
		/// and down neighbors (1 for significant, 0 for non significant). Bits 3
		/// to 0 store the significance of the diagonal coefficients (up-left,
		/// up-right, down-left and down-right; 1 for significant, 0 for non
		/// significant).</p>
		/// 
		/// <p>The upper 16 bits the state is stored as in the lower 16 bits, but
		/// with the bits shifted up by 16.</p>
		/// 
		/// <p>The lower 16 bits are referred to as "row 1" ("R1") while the upper
		/// 16 bits are referred to as "row 2" ("R2").</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		private int[][] stateT;
		
		/* The separation between the upper and lower bits in the state array: 16
		* */
		private const int STATE_SEP = 16;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the significance in the state array, for row 1. </summary>
		private const int STATE_SIG_R1 = 1 << 15;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the "visited" bit in the state array, for row 1. </summary>
		private const int STATE_VISITED_R1 = 1 << 14;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the "not zero context" bit in the state array, for
		/// row 1. This bit is always the OR of bits STATE_H_L_R1, STATE_H_R_R1,
		/// STATE_V_U_R1, STATE_V_D_R1, STATE_D_UL_R1, STATE_D_UR_R1, STATE_D_DL_R1
		/// and STATE_D_DR_R1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 = 1 << 13;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-left sign in the state array, for row
		/// 1. This bit can only be set if the STATE_H_L_R1 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 = 1 << 12;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-right sign in the state array, for
		/// row 1. This bit can only be set if the STATE_H_R_R1 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 = 1 << 11;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-up sign in the state array, for row
		/// 1. This bit can only be set if the STATE_V_U_R1 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1 = 1 << 10;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-down sign in the state array, for row
		/// 1. This bit can only be set if the STATE_V_D_R1 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1 = 1 << 9;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the previous MR primitive applied in the state array,
		/// for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_PREV_MR_R1 = 1 << 8;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-left significance in the state array,
		/// for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_H_L_R1 = 1 << 7;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-right significance in the state array,
		/// for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_H_R_R1 = 1 << 6;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-up significance in the state array, for
		/// row 1.  
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_V_U_R1 = 1 << 5;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-down significance in the state array,
		/// for row 1.  
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_V_D_R1 = 1 << 4;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal up-left significance in the state array,
		/// for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_D_UL_R1 = 1 << 3;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal up-right significance in the state
		/// array, for row 1.
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_D_UR_R1 = 1 << 2;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal down-left significance in the state
		/// array, for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_D_DL_R1 = 1 << 1;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal down-right significance in the state
		/// array , for row 1.
		/// </summary>
		private const int STATE_D_DR_R1 = 1;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the significance in the state array, for row 2. </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_SIG_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_SIG_R2 = STATE_SIG_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the "visited" bit in the state array, for row 2. </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_VISITED_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_VISITED_R2 = STATE_VISITED_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the "not zero context" bit in the state array, for
		/// row 2. This bit is always the OR of bits STATE_H_L_R2, STATE_H_R_R2,
		/// STATE_V_U_R2, STATE_V_D_R2, STATE_D_UL_R2, STATE_D_UR_R2, STATE_D_DL_R2
		/// and STATE_D_DR_R2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 = STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-left sign in the state array, for row
		/// 2. This bit can only be set if the STATE_H_L_R2 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2 = STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-right sign in the state array, for
		/// row 2. This bit can only be set if the STATE_H_R_R2 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2 = STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-up sign in the state array, for row
		/// 2. This bit can only be set if the STATE_V_U_R2 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2 = STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-down sign in the state array, for row
		/// 2. This bit can only be set if the STATE_V_D_R2 is also set. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2 = STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the previous MR primitive applied in the state array,
		/// for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_PREV_MR_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_PREV_MR_R2 = STATE_PREV_MR_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-left significance in the state array,
		/// for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_H_L_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_H_L_R2 = STATE_H_L_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the horizontal-right significance in the state array,
		/// for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_H_R_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_H_R_R2 = STATE_H_R_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-up significance in the state array, for
		/// row 2.  
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_V_U_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_V_U_R2 = STATE_V_U_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the vertical-down significance in the state array,
		/// for row 2.  
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_V_D_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_V_D_R2 = STATE_V_D_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal up-left significance in the state array,
		/// for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_D_UL_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_D_UL_R2 = STATE_D_UL_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal up-right significance in the state
		/// array, for row 2.
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_D_UR_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_D_UR_R2 = STATE_D_UR_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal down-left significance in the state
		/// array, for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_D_DL_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_D_DL_R2 = STATE_D_DL_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The flag bit for the diagonal down-right significance in the state
		/// array , for row 2.
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'STATE_D_DR_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int STATE_D_DR_R2 = STATE_D_DR_R1 << STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The mask to isolate the significance bits for row 1 and 2 of the state 
		/// array. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SIG_MASK_R1R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int SIG_MASK_R1R2 = STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_SIG_R2;
		
		/// <summary>The mask to isolate the visited bits for row 1 and 2 of the state 
		/// array. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'VSTD_MASK_R1R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int VSTD_MASK_R1R2 = STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2;
		
		/// <summary>The mask to isolate the bits necessary to identify RLC coding state
		/// (significant, visited and non-zero context, for row 1 and 2). 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'RLC_MASK_R1R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int RLC_MASK_R1R2 = STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2;
		
		/// <summary>The mask to obtain the ZC_LUT index from the state information </summary>
		// This is needed because of the STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1, STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1,
		// STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1, and STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 bits.
		private const int ZC_MASK = (1 << 8) - 1;
		
		/// <summary>The shift to obtain the SC index to 'SC_LUT' from the state
		/// information, for row 1. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int SC_SHIFT_R1 = 4;
		
		/// <summary>The shift to obtain the SC index to 'SC_LUT' from the state
		/// information, for row 2. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SC_SHIFT_R2 '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int SC_SHIFT_R2 = SC_SHIFT_R1 + STATE_SEP;
		
		/// <summary>The bit mask to isolate the state bits relative to the sign coding
		/// lookup table ('SC_LUT'). 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'SC_MASK '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int SC_MASK = (1 << SC_LUT_BITS) - 1;
		
		/// <summary>The mask to obtain the MR index to 'MR_LUT' from the 'state'
		/// information. It is to be applied after the 'MR_SHIFT'. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'MR_MASK '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int MR_MASK = (1 << MR_LUT_BITS) - 1;
		
		/// <summary>The number of bits used to index in the 'fm' lookup table, 7. The 'fs' 
		/// table is indexed with one less bit. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int MSE_LKP_BITS = 7;
		
		/// <summary>The number of fractional bits used to store data in the 'fm' and 'fs'
		/// lookup tables. 
		/// </summary>
		private const int MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS = 13;
		
		/// <summary>Distortion estimation lookup table for bits coded using the sign-code
		/// (SC) primative, for lossy coding (i.e. normal). 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'FS_LOSSY '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] FS_LOSSY = new int[1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)];
		
		/// <summary>Distortion estimation lookup table for bits coded using the
		/// magnitude-refinement (MR) primative, for lossy coding (i.e. normal) 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'FM_LOSSY '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] FM_LOSSY = new int[1 << MSE_LKP_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>Distortion estimation lookup table for bits coded using the sign-code
		/// (SC) primative, for lossless coding and last bit-plane. This table is
		/// different from 'fs_lossy' since when doing lossless coding the residual 
		/// distortion after the last bit-plane is coded is strictly 0. 
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'FS_LOSSLESS '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] FS_LOSSLESS = new int[1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)];
		
		/// <summary>Distortion estimation lookup table for bits coded using the
		/// magnitude-refinement (MR) primative, for lossless coding and last
		/// bit-plane. This table is different from 'fs_lossless' since when doing
		/// lossless coding the residual distortion after the last bit-plane is
		/// coded is strictly 0.
		/// </summary>
		//UPGRADE_NOTE: Final was removed from the declaration of 'FM_LOSSLESS '. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1003'"
		private static readonly int[] FM_LOSSLESS = new int[1 << MSE_LKP_BITS];
		
		/// <summary>The buffer for distortion values (avoids reallocation for each
		/// code-block), for each thread. 
		/// </summary>
		private double[][] distbufT;
		
		/// <summary>The buffer for rate values (avoids reallocation for each
		/// code-block), for each thread. 
		/// </summary>
		private int[][] ratebufT;
		
		/// <summary>The buffer for indicating terminated passes (avoids reallocation for
		/// each code-block), for each thread. 
		/// </summary>
		private bool[][] istermbufT;
		
		/// <summary>The source code-block to entropy code (avoids reallocation for each
		/// code-block), for each thread. 
		/// </summary>
		private CBlkWTData[] srcblkT;
		
		/// <summary>Buffer for symbols to send to the MQ-coder, for each thread. Used to
		/// reduce the number of calls to the MQ coder. 
		/// </summary>
		// NOTE: The symbol buffer has not prooved to be of any great improvement
		// in encoding time, but it does not hurt. It's performance should be
		// better studied under different JVMs.
		private int[][] symbufT;
		
		/// <summary>Buffer for the contexts to use when sending buffered symbols to the
		/// MQ-coder, for each thread. Used to reduce the number of calls to the MQ
		/// coder. 
		/// </summary>
		private int[][] ctxtbufT;
		
		/// <summary>boolean used to signal if the precinct partition is used for
		/// each component and each tile.  
		/// </summary>
		private bool[][] precinctPartition;
		
		/// <summary> Instantiates a new entropy coder engine, with the specified source of
		/// data, nominal block width and height.
		/// 
		/// <p>If the 'OPT_PRED_TERM' option is given then the MQ termination must
		/// be 'TERM_PRED_ER' or an exception is thrown.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="src">The source of data
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="cbks">Code-block size specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pss">Precinct partition specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bms">By-pass mode specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="mqrs">MQ-reset specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="rts">Regular termination specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="css">Causal stripes specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="sss">Error resolution segment symbol use specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="lcs">Length computation specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="tts">Termination type specifications
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <seealso cref="MQCoder">
		/// 
		/// </seealso>
		public StdEntropyCoder(CBlkQuantDataSrcEnc src, CBlkSizeSpec cblks, PrecinctSizeSpec pss, StringSpec bms, StringSpec mqrs, StringSpec rts, StringSpec css, StringSpec sss, StringSpec lcs, StringSpec tts):base(src)
		{
			this.cblks = cblks;
			this.pss = pss;
			this.bms = bms;
			this.mqrs = mqrs;
			this.rts = rts;
			this.css = css;
			this.sss = sss;
			this.lcs = lcs;
			this.tts = tts;
			int maxCBlkWidth, maxCBlkHeight;
			int i; // Counter
			int tsl; // Size for thread structures
			
			// Get the biggest width/height for the code-blocks
			maxCBlkWidth = cblks.MaxCBlkWidth;
			maxCBlkHeight = cblks.MaxCBlkHeight;
			
			// If we do timing create necessary structures
#if DO_TIMING
			time = new long[src.NumComps];
			// If we are timing make sure that 'finalize' gets called.
			//UPGRADE_ISSUE: Method 'java.lang.System.runFinalizersOnExit' was not converted. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1000_javalangSystem'"
			// CONVERSION PROBLEM?
            //System_Renamed.runFinalizersOnExit(true);
#endif
		
			tsl = 1;
			finishedTileComponent = null;
			
			// Allocate data structures
			outT = new ByteOutputBuffer[tsl];
			mqT = new MQCoder[tsl];
			boutT = new BitToByteOutput[tsl];
			stateT = new int[tsl][];
			for (int i2 = 0; i2 < tsl; i2++)
			{
				stateT[i2] = new int[(maxCBlkWidth + 2) * ((maxCBlkHeight + 1) / 2 + 2)];
			}
			symbufT = new int[tsl][];
			for (int i3 = 0; i3 < tsl; i3++)
			{
				symbufT[i3] = new int[maxCBlkWidth * (CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT * 2 + 2)];
			}
			ctxtbufT = new int[tsl][];
			for (int i4 = 0; i4 < tsl; i4++)
			{
				ctxtbufT[i4] = new int[maxCBlkWidth * (CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT * 2 + 2)];
			}
			distbufT = new double[tsl][];
			for (int i5 = 0; i5 < tsl; i5++)
			{
				distbufT[i5] = new double[32 * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_PASSES];
			}
			ratebufT = new int[tsl][];
			for (int i6 = 0; i6 < tsl; i6++)
			{
				ratebufT[i6] = new int[32 * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_PASSES];
			}
			istermbufT = new bool[tsl][];
			for (int i7 = 0; i7 < tsl; i7++)
			{
				istermbufT[i7] = new bool[32 * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_PASSES];
			}
			srcblkT = new CBlkWTData[tsl];
			for (i = 0; i < tsl; i++)
			{
				outT[i] = new ByteOutputBuffer();
				mqT[i] = new MQCoder(outT[i], NUM_CTXTS, MQ_INIT);
			}
			precinctPartition = new bool[src.NumComps][];
			for (int i8 = 0; i8 < src.NumComps; i8++)
			{
				precinctPartition[i8] = new bool[src.getNumTiles()];
			}
			
			// Create the subband description for each component and each tile
			//Subband sb = null;
			Coord numTiles = null;
			int nc = NumComps;
			numTiles = src.getNumTiles(numTiles);
			initTileComp(getNumTiles(), nc);
			
			for (int c = 0; c < nc; c++)
			{
				for (int tY = 0; tY < numTiles.y; tY++)
				{
					for (int tX = 0; tX < numTiles.x; tX++)
					{
						precinctPartition[c][tIdx] = false;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		
#if DO_TIMING
		/// <summary> Prints the timing information, if collected, and calls 'finalize' on
		/// the super class.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
        ~StdEntropyCoder()
        {

            int c;
            System.Text.StringBuilder sb;

            // Single threaded implementation
            sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder("StdEntropyCoder compression wall " + "clock time:");
            for (c = 0; c < time.Length; c++)
            {
                sb.Append("\n  component ");
                sb.Append(c);
                sb.Append(": ");
                sb.Append(time[c]);
                sb.Append(" ms");
            }
            FacilityManager.getMsgLogger().printmsg(CSJ2K.j2k.util.MsgLogger_Fields.INFO, sb.ToString());
        }
#endif 

		/// <summary> Returns the code-block width for the specified tile and component.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="t">The tile index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="c">the component index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The code-block width for the specified tile and component
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		public override int getCBlkWidth(int t, int c)
		{
			return cblks.getCBlkWidth(ModuleSpec.SPEC_TILE_COMP, t, c);
		}
		
		/// <summary> Returns the code-block height for the specified tile and component.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="t">The tile index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="c">The component index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The code-block height for the specified tile and component.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		public override int getCBlkHeight(int t, int c)
		{
			return cblks.getCBlkHeight(ModuleSpec.SPEC_TILE_COMP, t, c);
		}
		
		/// <summary> Returns the next coded code-block in the current tile for the specified
		/// component, as a copy (see below). The order in which code-blocks are
		/// returned is not specified. However each code-block is returned only
		/// once and all code-blocks will be returned if the method is called 'N'
		/// times, where 'N' is the number of code-blocks in the tile. After all
		/// the code-blocks have been returned for the current tile calls to this
		/// method will return 'null'.
		/// 
		/// <p>When changing the current tile (through 'setTile()' or 'nextTile()')
		/// this method will always return the first code-block, as if this method
		/// was never called before for the new current tile.</p>
		/// 
		/// <p>The data returned by this method is always a copy of the internal
		/// data of this object, if any, and it can be modified "in place" without
		/// any problems after being returned.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="c">The component for which to return the next code-block.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ccb">If non-null this object might be used in returning the coded
		/// code-block in this or any subsequent call to this method. If null a new
		/// one is created and returned. If the 'data' array of 'cbb' is not null
		/// it may be reused to return the compressed data.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The next coded code-block in the current tile for component
		/// 'n', or null if all code-blocks for the current tile have been
		/// returned.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		/// <seealso cref="CBlkRateDistStats">
		/// 
		/// </seealso>
		public override CBlkRateDistStats getNextCodeBlock(int c, CBlkRateDistStats ccb)
		{
#if DO_TIMING
			long stime = 0L; // Start time for timed sections
#endif
			// Use single threaded implementation
			// Get code-block data from source
			srcblkT[0] = src.getNextInternCodeBlock(c, srcblkT[0]);
				
#if DO_TIMING
			stime = (System.DateTime.Now.Ticks - 621355968000000000) / 10000;
#endif

			if (srcblkT[0] == null)
			{
				// We got all code-blocks
				return null;
			}
			// Initialize thread local variables
			if ((opts[tIdx][c] & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) != 0 && boutT[0] == null)
			{
				boutT[0] = new BitToByteOutput(outT[0]);
			}
			// Initialize output code-block
			if (ccb == null)
			{
				ccb = new CBlkRateDistStats();
			}
			// Compress code-block
			compressCodeBlock(c, ccb, srcblkT[0], mqT[0], boutT[0], outT[0], stateT[0], distbufT[0], ratebufT[0], istermbufT[0], symbufT[0], ctxtbufT[0], opts[tIdx][c], isReversible(tIdx, c), lenCalc[tIdx][c], tType[tIdx][c]);
				
#if DO_TIMING
			time[c] += (System.DateTime.Now.Ticks - 621355968000000000) / 10000 - stime;
#endif

			// Return result
			return ccb;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Changes the current tile, given the new indexes. An
		/// IllegalArgumentException is thrown if the indexes do not correspond to
		/// a valid tile.
		/// 
		/// <p>This default implementation just changes the tile in the source.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="x">The horizontal index of the tile.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="y">The vertical index of the new tile.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		public override void  setTile(int x, int y)
		{
			base.setTile(x, y);
			// Reset the tile specific variables
			if (finishedTileComponent != null)
			{
				for (int c = src.NumComps - 1; c >= 0; c--)
				{
					finishedTileComponent[c] = false;
				}
			}
		}
		
		/// <summary> Advances to the next tile, in standard scan-line order (by rows then
		/// columns). An NoNextElementException is thrown if the current tile is
		/// the last one (i.e. there is no next tile).
		/// 
		/// <p>This default implementation just advances to the next tile in the
		/// source.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		public override void  nextTile()
		{
			// Reset the tilespecific variables
			if (finishedTileComponent != null)
			{
				for (int c = src.NumComps - 1; c >= 0; c--)
				{
					finishedTileComponent[c] = false;
				}
			}
			base.nextTile();
		}
		
		
		/// <summary> Compresses the code-block in 'srcblk' and puts the results in 'ccb',
		/// using the specified options and temporary storage.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="c">The component for which to return the next code-block.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ccb">The object where the compressed data will be stored. If the
		/// 'data' array of 'cbb' is not null it may be reused to return the
		/// compressed data.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="mq">The MQ-coder to use
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bout">The bit level output to use. Used only if 'OPT_BYPASS' is
		/// turned on in the 'options' argument.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="out">The byte buffer trough which the compressed data is stored.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="distbuf">The buffer where to store the distortion  at 
		/// the end of each coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of each coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="istermbuf">The buffer where to store the terminated flag for each 
		/// coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="symbuf">The buffer to hold symbols to send to the MQ coder
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ctxtbuf">A buffer to hold the contexts to use in sending the
		/// buffered symbols to the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The options to use when coding this code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="rev">The reversible flag. Should be true if the source of this
		/// code-block's data is reversible.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="lcType">The type of length calculation to use with the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="tType">The type of termination to use with the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <seealso cref="getNextCodeBlock">
		/// 
		/// </seealso>
		static private void  compressCodeBlock(int c, CBlkRateDistStats ccb, CBlkWTData srcblk, MQCoder mq, BitToByteOutput bout, ByteOutputBuffer out_Renamed, int[] state, double[] distbuf, int[] ratebuf, bool[] istermbuf, int[] symbuf, int[] ctxtbuf, int options, bool rev, int lcType, int tType)
		{
			// NOTE: This method should not access any non-final instance or
			// static variables, either directly or indirectly through other
			// methods in order to be sure that the method is thread safe.
			
			int[] zc_lut; // The ZC lookup table to use
			int skipbp; // The number of non-significant bit-planes to skip
			int curbp; // The current magnitude bit-plane (starts at 30)
			int[] fm; // The distortion estimation lookup table for MR
			int[] fs; // The distortion estimation lookup table for SC
			int lmb; // The least significant magnitude bit
			int npass; // The number of coding passes, for R-D statistics
			double msew; // The distortion (MSE weight) for the current bit-plane
			double totdist; // The total cumulative distortion decrease
			int ltpidx; // The index of the last pass which is terminated
			
			// Check error-resilient termination
			if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_PRED_TERM) != 0 && tType != MQCoder.TERM_PRED_ER)
			{
				throw new System.ArgumentException("Embedded error-resilient info " + "in MQ termination option " + "specified but incorrect MQ " + "termination " + "policy specified");
			}
			// Set MQ flags
			mq.LenCalcType = lcType;
			mq.TermType = tType;
			
			lmb = 30 - srcblk.magbits + 1;
			// If there are more bit-planes to code than the implementation
			// bit-depth set lmb to 0
			lmb = (lmb < 0)?0:lmb;
			
			// Reset state
			ArrayUtil.intArraySet(state, 0);
			
			// Find the most significant bit-plane
			skipbp = calcSkipMSBP(srcblk, lmb);
			
			// Initialize output code-block
			ccb.m = srcblk.m;
			ccb.n = srcblk.n;
			ccb.sb = srcblk.sb;
			ccb.nROIcoeff = srcblk.nROIcoeff;
			ccb.skipMSBP = skipbp;
			if (ccb.nROIcoeff != 0)
			{
				ccb.nROIcp = 3 * (srcblk.nROIbp - skipbp - 1) + 1;
			}
			else
			{
				ccb.nROIcp = 0;
			}
			
			// Choose correct ZC lookup table for global orientation
			switch (srcblk.sb.orientation)
			{
				
				case Subband.WT_ORIENT_HL: 
					zc_lut = ZC_LUT_HL;
					break;
				
				case Subband.WT_ORIENT_LL: 
				case Subband.WT_ORIENT_LH: 
					zc_lut = ZC_LUT_LH;
					break;
				
				case Subband.WT_ORIENT_HH: 
					zc_lut = ZC_LUT_HH;
					break;
				
				default: 
					throw new System.InvalidOperationException("JJ2000 internal error");
				
			}
			
			// Loop on significant magnitude bit-planes doing the 3 passes
			curbp = 30 - skipbp;
			fs = FS_LOSSY;
			fm = FM_LOSSY;
			msew = System.Math.Pow(2, ((curbp - lmb) << 1) - MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS) * srcblk.sb.stepWMSE * srcblk.wmseScaling;
			totdist = 0f;
			npass = 0;
			ltpidx = - 1;
			
			// First significant bit-plane has only the pass pass
			if (curbp >= lmb)
			{
				// Do we need the "lossless" 'fs' table ?
				if (rev && curbp == lmb)
				{
					fs = FM_LOSSLESS;
				}
				// We terminate if regular termination, last bit-plane, or next
				// bit-plane is "raw".
				istermbuf[npass] = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS) != 0 || curbp == lmb || ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) != 0 && (31 - CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_NON_BYPASS_MS_BP - skipbp) >= curbp);
				totdist += cleanuppass(srcblk, mq, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fs, zc_lut, symbuf, ctxtbuf, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				distbuf[npass] = totdist;
				if (istermbuf[npass])
					ltpidx = npass;
				npass++;
				msew *= 0.25;
				curbp--;
			}
			// Other bit-planes have all passes
			while (curbp >= lmb)
			{
				// Do we need the "lossless" 'fs' and 'fm' tables ?
				if (rev && curbp == lmb)
				{
					fs = FS_LOSSLESS;
					fm = FM_LOSSLESS;
				}
				
				// Do the significance propagation pass
				// We terminate if regular termination only
				istermbuf[npass] = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS) != 0;
				if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) == 0 || (31 - CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_NON_BYPASS_MS_BP - skipbp <= curbp))
				{
					// No bypass coding
					totdist += sigProgPass(srcblk, mq, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fs, zc_lut, symbuf, ctxtbuf, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				}
				else
				{
					// Bypass ("raw") coding
					bout.PredTerm = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_PRED_TERM) != 0;
					totdist += rawSigProgPass(srcblk, bout, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fs, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				}
				distbuf[npass] = totdist;
				if (istermbuf[npass])
					ltpidx = npass;
				npass++;
				
				// Do the magnitude refinement pass
				// We terminate if regular termination or bypass ("raw") coding
				istermbuf[npass] = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS) != 0 || ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) != 0 && (31 - CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_NON_BYPASS_MS_BP - skipbp > curbp));
				if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) == 0 || (31 - CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_NON_BYPASS_MS_BP - skipbp <= curbp))
				{
					// No bypass coding
					totdist += magRefPass(srcblk, mq, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fm, symbuf, ctxtbuf, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				}
				else
				{
					// Bypass ("raw") coding
					bout.PredTerm = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_PRED_TERM) != 0;
					totdist += rawMagRefPass(srcblk, bout, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fm, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				}
				distbuf[npass] = totdist;
				if (istermbuf[npass])
					ltpidx = npass;
				npass++;
				
				// Do the clenup pass
				// We terminate if regular termination, last bit-plane, or next
				// bit-plane is "raw".
				istermbuf[npass] = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS) != 0 || curbp == lmb || ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS) != 0 && (31 - CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.NUM_NON_BYPASS_MS_BP - skipbp) >= curbp);
				totdist += cleanuppass(srcblk, mq, istermbuf[npass], curbp, state, fs, zc_lut, symbuf, ctxtbuf, ratebuf, npass, ltpidx, options) * msew;
				distbuf[npass] = totdist;
				
				if (istermbuf[npass])
					ltpidx = npass;
				npass++;
				
				// Goto next bit-plane
				msew *= 0.25;
				curbp--;
			}
			
			// Copy compressed data and rate-distortion statistics to output
			ccb.data = new byte[out_Renamed.size()];
			out_Renamed.toByteArray(0, out_Renamed.size(), ccb.data, 0);
			checkEndOfPassFF(ccb.data, ratebuf, istermbuf, npass);
			ccb.selectConvexHull(ratebuf, distbuf, (options & (CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS | CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS)) != 0?istermbuf:null, npass, rev);
			
			// Reset MQ coder and bit output for next code-block
			mq.reset();
			if (bout != null)
				bout.reset();
		}
		
		/// <summary> Calculates the number of magnitude bit-planes that are to be skipped,
		/// because they are non-significant. The algorithm looks for the largest
		/// magnitude and calculates the most significant bit-plane of it.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="cblk">The code-block of data to scan
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="lmb">The least significant magnitude bit in the data
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The number of magnitude bit-planes to skip (i.e. all zero most
		/// significant bit-planes).
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int calcSkipMSBP(CBlkWTData cblk, int lmb)
		{
			int k, kmax, mask;
			int[] data;
			int maxmag;
			int mag;
			int w, h;
			int msbp;
			int l;
			
			data = (int[]) cblk.Data;
			w = cblk.w;
			h = cblk.h;
			
			// First look for the maximum magnitude in the code-block
			maxmag = 0;
			// Consider only magnitude bits that are in non-fractional bit-planes.
			mask = 0x7FFFFFFF & (~ ((1 << lmb) - 1));
			for (l = h - 1, k = cblk.offset; l >= 0; l--)
			{
				for (kmax = k + w; k < kmax; k++)
				{
					mag = data[k] & mask;
					if (mag > maxmag)
						maxmag = mag;
				}
				k += cblk.scanw - w;
			}
			// Now calculate the number of all zero most significant
			// bit-planes for the maximum magnitude.
			msbp = 30;
			do 
			{
				if (((1 << msbp) & maxmag) != 0)
					break;
				msbp--;
			}
			while (msbp >= lmb);
			
			// Return the number of non-significant bit-planes to skip
			return 30 - msbp;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Performs the significance propagation pass on the specified data and
		/// bit-plane. It codes all insignificant samples which have, at least, one
		/// of its immediate eight neighbors already significant, using the ZC and
		/// SC primitives as needed. It toggles the "visited" state bit to 1 for
		/// all those samples.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="mq">The MQ-coder to use
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="doterm">If true it performs an MQ-coder termination after the end
		/// of the pass
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bp">The bit-plane to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="fs">The distortion estimation lookup table for SC
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="zc_lut">The ZC lookup table to use in ZC.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="symbuf">The buffer to hold symbols to send to the MQ coder
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ctxtbuf">A buffer to hold the contexts to use in sending the
		/// buffered symbols to the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pidx">The coding pass index. Is the index in the 'ratebuf' array
		/// where to store the coded length after this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ltpidx">The index of the last pass that was terminated, or
		/// negative if none.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The bitmask of entropy coding options to apply to the
		/// code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The decrease in distortion for this pass, in the fixed-point
		/// normalized representation of the 'FS_LOSSY' and 'FS_LOSSLESS' tables.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int sigProgPass(CBlkWTData srcblk, MQCoder mq, bool doterm, int bp, int[] state, int[] fs, int[] zc_lut, int[] symbuf, int[] ctxtbuf, int[] ratebuf, int pidx, int ltpidx, int options)
		{
			int j, sj; // The state index for line and stripe
			int k, sk; // The data index for line and stripe
			int nsym = 0; // Symbol counter for symbol and context buffers
			int dscanw; // The data scan-width
			int sscanw; // The state and packed state scan-width
			int jstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sj'
			int kstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sk'
			int stopsk; // The loop limit on the variable sk
			int csj; // Local copy (i.e. cached) of 'state[j]'
			int mask; // The mask for the current bit-plane
			int sym; // The symbol to code
			int ctxt; // The context to use
			int[] data; // The data buffer
			int dist; // The distortion reduction for this pass
			int shift; // Shift amount for distortion
			int upshift; // Shift left amount for distortion
			int downshift; // Shift right amount for distortion
			int normval; // The normalized sample magnitude value
			int s; // The stripe index
			bool causal; // Flag to indicate if stripe-causal context
			// formation is to be used
			int nstripes; // The number of stripes in the code-block
			int sheight; // Height of the current stripe
			int off_ul, off_ur, off_dr, off_dl; // offsets
			
			// Initialize local variables
			dscanw = srcblk.scanw;
			sscanw = srcblk.w + 2;
			jstep = sscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT / 2 - srcblk.w;
			kstep = dscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - srcblk.w;
			mask = 1 << bp;
			data = (int[]) srcblk.Data;
			nstripes = (srcblk.h + CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - 1) / CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
			dist = 0;
			// We use the MSE_LKP_BITS-1 bits below the bit just coded for
			// distortion estimation.
			shift = bp - (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1);
			upshift = (shift >= 0)?0:- shift;
			downshift = (shift <= 0)?0:shift;
			causal = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_VERT_STR_CAUSAL) != 0;
			
			// Pre-calculate offsets in 'state' for diagonal neighbors
			off_ul = - sscanw - 1; // up-left
			off_ur = - sscanw + 1; // up-right
			off_dr = sscanw + 1; // down-right
			off_dl = sscanw - 1; // down-left
			
			// Code stripe by stripe
			sk = srcblk.offset;
			sj = sscanw + 1;
			for (s = nstripes - 1; s >= 0; s--, sk += kstep, sj += jstep)
			{
				sheight = (s != 0)?CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT:srcblk.h - (nstripes - 1) * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
				stopsk = sk + srcblk.w;
				// Scan by set of 1 stripe column at a time
				for (nsym = 0; sk < stopsk; sk++, sj++)
				{
					// Do half top of column
					j = sj;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is not significant and has a
					// non-zero context (i.e. some neighbor is significant) we can 
					// not skip them
					if ((((~ csj) & (csj << 2)) & SIG_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk;
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)
						{
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[csj & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R1)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								if (!causal)
								{
									// If in causal mode do not change contexts of 
									// previous stripe.
									state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
									state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								}
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									if (!causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									if (!causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R1;
							}
						}
						if (sheight < 2)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R2)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R2;
							}
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
					// Do half bottom of column
					if (sheight < 3)
						continue;
					j += sscanw;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is not significant and has a
					// non-zero context (i.e. some neighbor is significant) we can 
					// not skip them
					if ((((~ csj) & (csj << 2)) & SIG_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk + (dscanw << 1);
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)
						{
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[csj & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R1)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
								state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R1;
							}
						}
						if (sheight < 4)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R2)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R2;
							}
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
				}
				// Code all buffered symbols
				mq.codeSymbols(symbuf, ctxtbuf, nsym);
			}
			// Reset the MQ context states if we need to
			if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_RESET_MQ) != 0)
			{
				mq.resetCtxts();
			}
			
			// Terminate the MQ bit stream if we need to
			if (doterm)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.terminate(); // Termination has special length
			}
			else
			{
				// Use normal length calculation
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.NumCodedBytes;
			}
			// Add length of previous segments, if any
			if (ltpidx >= 0)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] += ratebuf[ltpidx];
			}
			// Finish length calculation if needed
			if (doterm)
			{
				mq.finishLengthCalculation(ratebuf, pidx);
			}
			
			// Return the reduction in distortion
			return dist;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Performs the significance propagation pass on the specified data and
		/// bit-plane, without using the arithmetic coder. It codes all
		/// insignificant samples which have, at least, one of its immediate eight
		/// neighbors already significant, using the ZC and SC primitives as
		/// needed. It toggles the "visited" state bit to 1 for all those samples.
		/// 
		/// <p>In this method, the arithmetic coder is bypassed, and raw bits are
		/// directly written in the bit stream (useful when distribution are close
		/// to uniform, for intance, at high bit-rates and at lossless
		/// compression).</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bout">The bit based output
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="doterm">If true the bit based output is byte aligned after the
		/// end of the pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bp">The bit-plane to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="fs">The distortion estimation lookup table for SC
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pidx">The coding pass index. Is the index in the 'ratebuf' array
		/// where to store the coded length after this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ltpidx">The index of the last pass that was terminated, or
		/// negative if none.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The bitmask of entropy coding options to apply to the
		/// code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The decrease in distortion for this pass, in the fixed-point
		/// normalized representation of the 'FS_LOSSY' and 'FS_LOSSLESS' tables.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int rawSigProgPass(CBlkWTData srcblk, BitToByteOutput bout, bool doterm, int bp, int[] state, int[] fs, int[] ratebuf, int pidx, int ltpidx, int options)
		{
			int j, sj; // The state index for line and stripe
			int k, sk; // The data index for line and stripe
			int dscanw; // The data scan-width
			int sscanw; // The state scan-width
			int jstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sj'
			int kstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sk'
			int stopsk; // The loop limit on the variable sk
			int csj; // Local copy (i.e. cached) of 'state[j]'
			int mask; // The mask for the current bit-plane
			int nsym = 0; // Number of symbol
			int sym; // The symbol to code
			int[] data; // The data buffer
			int dist; // The distortion reduction for this pass
			int shift; // Shift amount for distortion
			int upshift; // Shift left amount for distortion
			int downshift; // Shift right amount for distortion
			int normval; // The normalized sample magnitude value
			int s; // The stripe index
			bool causal; // Flag to indicate if stripe-causal context
			// formation is to be used
			int nstripes; // The number of stripes in the code-block
			int sheight; // Height of the current stripe
			int off_ul, off_ur, off_dr, off_dl; // offsets
			
			// Initialize local variables
			dscanw = srcblk.scanw;
			sscanw = srcblk.w + 2;
			jstep = sscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT / 2 - srcblk.w;
			kstep = dscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - srcblk.w;
			mask = 1 << bp;
			data = (int[]) srcblk.Data;
			nstripes = (srcblk.h + CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - 1) / CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
			dist = 0;
			// We use the MSE_LKP_BITS-1 bits below the bit just coded for
			// distortion estimation.
			shift = bp - (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1);
			upshift = (shift >= 0)?0:- shift;
			downshift = (shift <= 0)?0:shift;
			causal = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_VERT_STR_CAUSAL) != 0;
			
			// Pre-calculate offsets in 'state' for neighbors
			off_ul = - sscanw - 1; // up-left
			off_ur = - sscanw + 1; // up-right
			off_dr = sscanw + 1; // down-right
			off_dl = sscanw - 1; // down-left
			
			// Code stripe by stripe
			sk = srcblk.offset;
			sj = sscanw + 1;
			for (s = nstripes - 1; s >= 0; s--, sk += kstep, sj += jstep)
			{
				sheight = (s != 0)?CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT:srcblk.h - (nstripes - 1) * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
				stopsk = sk + srcblk.w;
				// Scan by set of 1 stripe column at a time
				for (; sk < stopsk; sk++, sj++)
				{
					// Do half top of column
					j = sj;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is not significant and has a
					// non-zero context (i.e. some neighbor is significant) we can 
					// not skip them
					if ((((~ csj) & (csj << 2)) & SIG_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk;
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)
						{
							// Apply zero coding
							sym = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							bout.writeBit(sym);
							nsym++;
							if (sym != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								bout.writeBit(sym);
								nsym++;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								if (!causal)
								{
									// If in causal mode do not change contexts of 
									// previous stripe.
									state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
									state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								}
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									if (!causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									if (!causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R1;
							}
						}
						if (sheight < 2)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply zero coding
							sym = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							bout.writeBit(sym);
							nsym++;
							if (sym != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								bout.writeBit(sym);
								nsym++;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R2;
							}
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
					// Do half bottom of column
					if (sheight < 3)
						continue;
					j += sscanw;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is not significant and has a
					// non-zero context (i.e. some neighbor is significant) we can 
					// not skip them
					if ((((~ csj) & (csj << 2)) & SIG_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk + (dscanw << 1);
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1)
						{
							sym = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							bout.writeBit(sym);
							nsym++;
							if (sym != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								bout.writeBit(sym);
								nsym++;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
								state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R1;
							}
						}
						if (sheight < 4)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)) == STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply zero coding
							sym = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							bout.writeBit(sym);
							nsym++;
							if (sym != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								bout.writeBit(sym);
								nsym++;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
							else
							{
								csj |= STATE_VISITED_R2;
							}
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
				}
			}
			
			// Get length and terminate if needed
			if (doterm)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = bout.terminate();
			}
			else
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = bout.length();
			}
			// Add length of previous segments, if any
			if (ltpidx >= 0)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] += ratebuf[ltpidx];
			}
			
			// Return the reduction in distortion
			return dist;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Performs the magnitude refinement pass on the specified data and
		/// bit-plane. It codes the samples which are significant and which do not
		/// have the "visited" state bit turned on, using the MR primitive. The
		/// "visited" state bit is not mofified for any samples.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="mq">The MQ-coder to use
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="doterm">If true it performs an MQ-coder termination after the end
		/// of the pass
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bp">The bit-plane to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="fm">The distortion estimation lookup table for MR
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="symbuf">The buffer to hold symbols to send to the MQ coder
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ctxtbuf">A buffer to hold the contexts to use in sending the
		/// buffered symbols to the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pidx">The coding pass index. Is the index in the 'ratebuf' array
		/// where to store the coded length after this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ltpidx">The index of the last pass that was terminated, or
		/// negative if none.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The bitmask of entropy coding options to apply to the
		/// code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The decrease in distortion for this pass, in the fixed-point
		/// normalized representation of the 'FS_LOSSY' and 'FS_LOSSLESS' tables.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int magRefPass(CBlkWTData srcblk, MQCoder mq, bool doterm, int bp, int[] state, int[] fm, int[] symbuf, int[] ctxtbuf, int[] ratebuf, int pidx, int ltpidx, int options)
		{
			int j, sj; // The state index for line and stripe
			int k, sk; // The data index for line and stripe
			int nsym = 0; // Symbol counter for symbol and context buffers
			int dscanw; // The data scan-width
			int sscanw; // The state scan-width
			int jstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sj'
			int kstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sk'
			int stopsk; // The loop limit on the variable sk
			int csj; // Local copy (i.e. cached) of 'state[j]'
			int mask; // The mask for the current bit-plane
			int[] data; // The data buffer
			int dist; // The distortion reduction for this pass
			int shift; // Shift amount for distortion
			int upshift; // Shift left amount for distortion
			int downshift; // Shift right amount for distortion
			int normval; // The normalized sample magnitude value
			int s; // The stripe index
			int nstripes; // The number of stripes in the code-block
			int sheight; // Height of the current stripe
			
			// Initialize local variables
			dscanw = srcblk.scanw;
			sscanw = srcblk.w + 2;
			jstep = sscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT / 2 - srcblk.w;
			kstep = dscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - srcblk.w;
			mask = 1 << bp;
			data = (int[]) srcblk.Data;
			nstripes = (srcblk.h + CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - 1) / CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
			dist = 0;
			// We use the bit just coded plus MSE_LKP_BITS-1 bits below the bit
			// just coded for distortion estimation.
			shift = bp - (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1);
			upshift = (shift >= 0)?0:- shift;
			downshift = (shift <= 0)?0:shift;
			
			// Code stripe by stripe
			sk = srcblk.offset;
			sj = sscanw + 1;
			for (s = nstripes - 1; s >= 0; s--, sk += kstep, sj += jstep)
			{
				sheight = (s != 0)?CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT:srcblk.h - (nstripes - 1) * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
				stopsk = sk + srcblk.w;
				// Scan by set of 1 stripe column at a time
				for (nsym = 0; sk < stopsk; sk++, sj++)
				{
					// Do half top of column
					j = sj;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is significant and not yet
					// visited in the current bit-plane we can not skip them
					if ((((SupportClass.URShift(csj, 1)) & (~ csj)) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk;
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == STATE_SIG_R1)
						{
							// Apply MR primitive
							symbuf[nsym] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = MR_LUT[csj & MR_MASK];
							// Update the STATE_PREV_MR bit
							csj |= STATE_PREV_MR_R1;
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						if (sheight < 2)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == STATE_SIG_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply MR primitive
							symbuf[nsym] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = MR_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & MR_MASK];
							// Update the STATE_PREV_MR bit
							csj |= STATE_PREV_MR_R2;
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
					// Do half bottom of column
					if (sheight < 3)
						continue;
					j += sscanw;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is significant and not yet
					// visited in the current bit-plane we can not skip them
					if ((((SupportClass.URShift(csj, 1)) & (~ csj)) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk + (dscanw << 1);
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == STATE_SIG_R1)
						{
							// Apply MR primitive
							symbuf[nsym] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = MR_LUT[csj & MR_MASK];
							// Update the STATE_PREV_MR bit
							csj |= STATE_PREV_MR_R1;
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						if (sheight < 4)
						{
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((state[j] & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == STATE_SIG_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply MR primitive
							symbuf[nsym] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp);
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = MR_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & MR_MASK];
							// Update the STATE_PREV_MR bit
							csj |= STATE_PREV_MR_R2;
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						state[j] = csj;
					}
				}
				// Code all buffered symbols, if any
				if (nsym > 0)
					mq.codeSymbols(symbuf, ctxtbuf, nsym);
			}
			
			// Reset the MQ context states if we need to
			if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_RESET_MQ) != 0)
			{
				mq.resetCtxts();
			}
			
			// Terminate the MQ bit stream if we need to
			if (doterm)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.terminate(); // Termination has special length
			}
			else
			{
				// Use normal length calculation
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.NumCodedBytes;
			}
			// Add length of previous segments, if any
			if (ltpidx >= 0)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] += ratebuf[ltpidx];
			}
			// Finish length calculation if needed
			if (doterm)
			{
				mq.finishLengthCalculation(ratebuf, pidx);
			}
			
			// Return the reduction in distortion
			return dist;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Performs the magnitude refinement pass on the specified data and
		/// bit-plane, without using the arithmetic coder. It codes the samples
		/// which are significant and which do not have the "visited" state bit
		/// turned on, using the MR primitive. The "visited" state bit is not
		/// mofified for any samples.
		/// 
		/// <p>In this method, the arithmetic coder is bypassed, and raw bits are
		/// directly written in the bit stream (useful when distribution are close
		/// to uniform, for intance, at high bit-rates and at lossless
		/// compression). The 'STATE_PREV_MR_R1' and 'STATE_PREV_MR_R2' bits are
		/// not set because they are used only when the arithmetic coder is not
		/// bypassed.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bout">The bit based output
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="doterm">If true the bit based output is byte aligned after the
		/// end of the pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bp">The bit-plane to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="fm">The distortion estimation lookup table for MR
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pidx">The coding pass index. Is the index in the 'ratebuf' array
		/// where to store the coded length after this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ltpidx">The index of the last pass that was terminated, or
		/// negative if none.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The bitmask of entropy coding options to apply to the
		/// code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The decrease in distortion for this pass, in the fixed-point
		/// normalized representation of the 'FS_LOSSY' and 'FS_LOSSLESS' tables.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int rawMagRefPass(CBlkWTData srcblk, BitToByteOutput bout, bool doterm, int bp, int[] state, int[] fm, int[] ratebuf, int pidx, int ltpidx, int options)
		{
			int j, sj; // The state index for line and stripe
			int k, sk; // The data index for line and stripe
			int dscanw; // The data scan-width
			int sscanw; // The state scan-width
			int jstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sj'
			int kstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sk'
			int stopsk; // The loop limit on the variable sk
			int csj; // Local copy (i.e. cached) of 'state[j]'
			int mask; // The mask for the current bit-plane
			int[] data; // The data buffer
			int dist; // The distortion reduction for this pass
			int shift; // Shift amount for distortion
			int upshift; // Shift left amount for distortion
			int downshift; // Shift right amount for distortion
			int normval; // The normalized sample magnitude value
			int s; // The stripe index
			int nstripes; // The number of stripes in the code-block
			int sheight; // Height of the current stripe
			int nsym = 0;
			
			// Initialize local variables
			dscanw = srcblk.scanw;
			sscanw = srcblk.w + 2;
			jstep = sscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT / 2 - srcblk.w;
			kstep = dscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - srcblk.w;
			mask = 1 << bp;
			data = (int[]) srcblk.Data;
			nstripes = (srcblk.h + CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - 1) / CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
			dist = 0;
			// We use the bit just coded plus MSE_LKP_BITS-1 bits below the bit
			// just coded for distortion estimation.
			shift = bp - (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1);
			upshift = (shift >= 0)?0:- shift;
			downshift = (shift <= 0)?0:shift;
			
			// Code stripe by stripe
			sk = srcblk.offset;
			sj = sscanw + 1;
			for (s = nstripes - 1; s >= 0; s--, sk += kstep, sj += jstep)
			{
				sheight = (s != 0)?CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT:srcblk.h - (nstripes - 1) * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
				stopsk = sk + srcblk.w;
				// Scan by set of 1 stripe column at a time
				for (; sk < stopsk; sk++, sj++)
				{
					// Do half top of column
					j = sj;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is significant and not yet
					// visited in the current bit-plane we can not skip them
					if ((((SupportClass.URShift(csj, 1)) & (~ csj)) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk;
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == STATE_SIG_R1)
						{
							// Code bit "raw"
							bout.writeBit(SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp));
							nsym++;
							// No need to set STATE_PREV_MR_R1 since all magnitude 
							// refinement passes to follow are "raw"
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						if (sheight < 2)
							continue;
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == STATE_SIG_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Code bit "raw"
							bout.writeBit(SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp));
							nsym++;
							// No need to set STATE_PREV_MR_R2 since all magnitude 
							// refinement passes to follow are "raw"
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
					}
					// Do half bottom of column
					if (sheight < 3)
						continue;
					j += sscanw;
					csj = state[j];
					// If any of the two samples is significant and not yet
					// visited in the current bit-plane we can not skip them
					if ((((SupportClass.URShift(csj, 1)) & (~ csj)) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != 0)
					{
						k = sk + (dscanw << 1);
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == STATE_SIG_R1)
						{
							// Code bit "raw"
							bout.writeBit(SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp));
							nsym++;
							// No need to set STATE_PREV_MR_R1 since all magnitude 
							// refinement passes to follow are "raw"
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
						if (sheight < 4)
							continue;
						// Scan second row
						if ((state[j] & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == STATE_SIG_R2)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Code bit "raw"
							bout.writeBit(SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp));
							nsym++;
							// No need to set STATE_PREV_MR_R2 since all magnitude 
							// refinement passes to follow are "raw"
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fm[normval & ((1 << MSE_LKP_BITS) - 1)];
						}
					}
				}
			}
			
			// Get length and terminate if needed
			if (doterm)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = bout.terminate();
			}
			else
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = bout.length();
			}
			
			// Add length of previous segments, if any
			if (ltpidx >= 0)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] += ratebuf[ltpidx];
			}
			
			// Return the reduction in distortion
			return dist;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Performs the cleanup pass on the specified data and bit-plane. It codes
		/// all insignificant samples which have its "visited" state bit off, using
		/// the ZC, SC, and RLC primitives. It toggles the "visited" state bit to 0
		/// (off) for all samples in the code-block.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="srcblk">The code-block data to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="mq">The MQ-coder to use
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="doterm">If true it performs an MQ-coder termination after the end
		/// of the pass
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="bp">The bit-plane to code
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="state">The state information for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="fs">The distortion estimation lookup table for SC
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="zc_lut">The ZC lookup table to use in ZC.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="symbuf">The buffer to hold symbols to send to the MQ coder
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ctxtbuf">A buffer to hold the contexts to use in sending the
		/// buffered symbols to the MQ coder.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ratebuf">The buffer where to store the rate (i.e. coded lenth) at 
		/// the end of this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="pidx">The coding pass index. Is the index in the 'ratebuf' array
		/// where to store the coded length after this coding pass.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="ltpidx">The index of the last pass that was terminated, or
		/// negative if none.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="options">The bitmask of entropy coding options to apply to the
		/// code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The decrease in distortion for this pass, in the fixed-point
		/// normalized representation of the 'FS_LOSSY' and 'FS_LOSSLESS' tables.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		static private int cleanuppass(CBlkWTData srcblk, MQCoder mq, bool doterm, int bp, int[] state, int[] fs, int[] zc_lut, int[] symbuf, int[] ctxtbuf, int[] ratebuf, int pidx, int ltpidx, int options)
		{
			// NOTE: The speedup mode of the MQ coder has been briefly tried to
			// speed up the coding of insignificants RLCs, without any success
			// (i.e. no speedup whatsoever). The use of the speedup mode should be
			// revisisted more in depth and the implementationn of it in MQCoder
			// should be reviewed for optimization opportunities.
			int j, sj; // The state index for line and stripe
			int k, sk; // The data index for line and stripe
			int nsym = 0; // Symbol counter for symbol and context buffers
			int dscanw; // The data scan-width
			int sscanw; // The state scan-width
			int jstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sj'
			int kstep; // Stripe to stripe step for 'sk'
			int stopsk; // The loop limit on the variable sk
			int csj; // Local copy (i.e. cached) of 'state[j]'
			int mask; // The mask for the current bit-plane
			int sym; // The symbol to code
			int rlclen; // Length of RLC
			int ctxt; // The context to use
			int[] data; // The data buffer
			int dist; // The distortion reduction for this pass
			int shift; // Shift amount for distortion
			int upshift; // Shift left amount for distortion
			int downshift; // Shift right amount for distortion
			int normval; // The normalized sample magnitude value
			int s; // The stripe index
			bool causal; // Flag to indicate if stripe-causal context
			// formation is to be used
			int nstripes; // The number of stripes in the code-block
			int sheight; // Height of the current stripe
			int off_ul, off_ur, off_dr, off_dl; // offsets
			
			// Initialize local variables
			dscanw = srcblk.scanw;
			sscanw = srcblk.w + 2;
			jstep = sscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT / 2 - srcblk.w;
			kstep = dscanw * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - srcblk.w;
			mask = 1 << bp;
			data = (int[]) srcblk.Data;
			nstripes = (srcblk.h + CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT - 1) / CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
			dist = 0;
			// We use the MSE_LKP_BITS-1 bits below the bit just coded for
			// distortion estimation.
			shift = bp - (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1);
			upshift = (shift >= 0)?0:- shift;
			downshift = (shift <= 0)?0:shift;
			causal = (options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_VERT_STR_CAUSAL) != 0;
			
			// Pre-calculate offsets in 'state' for diagonal neighbors
			off_ul = - sscanw - 1; // up-left
			off_ur = - sscanw + 1; // up-right
			off_dr = sscanw + 1; // down-right
			off_dl = sscanw - 1; // down-left
			
			// Code stripe by stripe
			sk = srcblk.offset;
			sj = sscanw + 1;
			for (s = nstripes - 1; s >= 0; s--, sk += kstep, sj += jstep)
			{
				sheight = (s != 0)?CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT:srcblk.h - (nstripes - 1) * CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT;
				stopsk = sk + srcblk.w;
				// Scan by set of 1 stripe column at a time
				for (nsym = 0; sk < stopsk; sk++, sj++)
				{
					// Start column
					j = sj;
					csj = state[j];
					{
						// Check for RLC: if all samples are not significant, not
						// visited and do not have a non-zero context, and column
						// is full height, we do RLC.
						if (csj == 0 && state[j + sscanw] == 0 && sheight == CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.STRIPE_HEIGHT)
						{
							k = sk;
							if ((data[k] & mask) != 0)
							{
								rlclen = 0;
							}
							else if ((data[k += dscanw] & mask) != 0)
							{
								rlclen = 1;
							}
							else if ((data[k += dscanw] & mask) != 0)
							{
								rlclen = 2;
								j += sscanw;
								csj = state[j];
							}
							else if ((data[k += dscanw] & mask) != 0)
							{
								rlclen = 3;
								j += sscanw;
								csj = state[j];
							}
							else
							{
								// Code insignificant RLC
								symbuf[nsym] = 0;
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = RLC_CTXT;
								// Goto next column
								continue;
							}
							// Code significant RLC
							symbuf[nsym] = 1;
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = RLC_CTXT;
							// Send MSB bit index
							symbuf[nsym] = rlclen >> 1;
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = UNIF_CTXT;
							// Send LSB bit index
							symbuf[nsym] = rlclen & 0x01;
							ctxtbuf[nsym++] = UNIF_CTXT;
							// Code sign of sample that became significant
							// Update distortion
							normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
							dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							// Apply sign coding
							sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
							if ((rlclen & 0x01) == 0)
							{
								// Sample that became significant is first row of
								// its column half
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R1)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors, sign
								// of neighbors)
								if (rlclen != 0 || !causal)
								{
									// If in causal mode do not change contexts of 
									// previous stripe.
									state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
									state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								}
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									if (rlclen != 0 || !causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									if (rlclen != 0 || !causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									}
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Changes to csj are saved later
								if ((rlclen >> 1) != 0)
								{
									// Sample that became significant is in bottom
									// half of column => jump to bottom half
									//UPGRADE_NOTE: Labeled break statement was changed to a goto statement. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1012'"
									goto top_half_brk;
								}
								// Otherwise sample that became significant is in
								// top half of column => continue on top half
							}
							else
							{
								// Sample that became significant is second row of
								// its column half
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R2)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// neighbor significant bit of neighbors, non zero
								// context of neighbors, sign of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Save changes to csj
								state[j] = csj;
								if ((rlclen >> 1) != 0)
								{
									// Sample that became significant is in bottom
									// half of column => we're done with this
									// column
									continue;
								}
								// Otherwise sample that became significant is in
								// top half of column => we're done with top
								// column
								j += sscanw;
								csj = state[j];
								//UPGRADE_NOTE: Labeled break statement was changed to a goto statement. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1012'"
								goto top_half_brk;
							}
						}
						// Do half top of column
						// If any of the two samples is not significant and has
						// not been visited in the current bit-plane we can not
						// skip them
						if ((((csj >> 1) | csj) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != VSTD_MASK_R1R2)
						{
							k = sk;
							// Scan first row
							if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == 0)
							{
								// Apply zero coding
								ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[csj & ZC_MASK];
								if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
								{
									// Became significant
									// Apply sign coding
									sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
									ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R1)) & SC_MASK];
									symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
									ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
									// Update state information (significant bit,
									// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
									// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors,
									// sign of neighbors)
									if (!causal)
									{
										// If in causal mode do not change
										// contexts of previous stripe.
										state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
										state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
									}
									// Update sign state information of neighbors
									if (sym != 0)
									{
										csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
										if (!causal)
										{
											// If in causal mode do not change
											// contexts of previous stripe.
											state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
										}
										state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
										state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
									}
									else
									{
										csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
										if (!causal)
										{
											// If in causal mode do not change
											// contexts of previous stripe.
											state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
										}
										state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
										state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
									}
									// Update distortion
									normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
									dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
								}
							}
							if (sheight < 2)
							{
								csj &= ~ (STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2);
								state[j] = csj;
								continue;
							}
							// Scan second row
							if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == 0)
							{
								k += dscanw;
								// Apply zero coding
								ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & ZC_MASK];
								if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
								{
									// Became significant
									// Apply sign coding
									sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
									ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R2)) & SC_MASK];
									symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
									ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
									// Update state information (significant bit,
									// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
									// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors,
									// sign of neighbors)
									state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
									state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
									// Update sign state information of neighbors
									if (sym != 0)
									{
										csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
										state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
										state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
										state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
									}
									else
									{
										csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
										state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
										state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
										state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
									}
									// Update distortion
									normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
									dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
								}
							}
						}
						csj &= ~ (STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2);
						state[j] = csj;
						// Do half bottom of column
						if (sheight < 3)
							continue;
						j += sscanw;
						csj = state[j];
					}
					//UPGRADE_NOTE: Label 'top_half_brk' was added. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1011'"

top_half_brk: ;
					 // end of 'top_half' block
					// If any of the two samples is not significant and has
					// not been visited in the current bit-plane we can not
					// skip them
					if ((((csj >> 1) | csj) & VSTD_MASK_R1R2) != VSTD_MASK_R1R2)
					{
						k = sk + (dscanw << 1);
						// Scan first row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1)) == 0)
						{
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[csj & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R1)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors,
								// sign of neighbors)
								state[j + off_ul] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R2;
								state[j + off_ur] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R2;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_U_R2;
									state[j - sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_V_D_R2;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_H_R_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
						}
						if (sheight < 4)
						{
							csj &= ~ (STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2);
							state[j] = csj;
							continue;
						}
						// Scan second row
						if ((csj & (STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2)) == 0)
						{
							k += dscanw;
							// Apply zero coding
							ctxtbuf[nsym] = zc_lut[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, STATE_SEP)) & ZC_MASK];
							if ((symbuf[nsym++] = SupportClass.URShift((data[k] & mask), bp)) != 0)
							{
								// Became significant
								// Apply sign coding
								sym = SupportClass.URShift(data[k], 31);
								ctxt = SC_LUT[(SupportClass.URShift(csj, SC_SHIFT_R2)) & SC_MASK];
								symbuf[nsym] = sym ^ (SupportClass.URShift(ctxt, SC_SPRED_SHIFT));
								ctxtbuf[nsym++] = ctxt & SC_LUT_MASK;
								// Update state information (significant bit,
								// visited bit, neighbor significant bit of
								// neighbors, non zero context of neighbors,
								// sign of neighbors)
								state[j + off_dl] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UR_R1;
								state[j + off_dr] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_D_UL_R1;
								// Update sign state information of neighbors
								if (sym != 0)
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | STATE_V_D_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_U_SIGN_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2 | STATE_H_L_SIGN_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2 | STATE_H_R_SIGN_R2;
								}
								else
								{
									csj |= STATE_SIG_R2 | STATE_VISITED_R2 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1;
									state[j + sscanw] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_V_U_R1;
									state[j + 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DL_R1 | STATE_H_L_R2;
									state[j - 1] |= STATE_NZ_CTXT_R1 | STATE_NZ_CTXT_R2 | STATE_D_DR_R1 | STATE_H_R_R2;
								}
								// Update distortion
								normval = (data[k] >> downshift) << upshift;
								dist += fs[normval & ((1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) - 1)];
							}
						}
					}
					csj &= ~ (STATE_VISITED_R1 | STATE_VISITED_R2);
					state[j] = csj;
				}
				// Code all buffered symbols, if any
				if (nsym > 0)
					mq.codeSymbols(symbuf, ctxtbuf, nsym);
			}
			
			// Insert a segment marker if we need to
			if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_SEG_SYMBOLS) != 0)
			{
				mq.codeSymbols(SEG_SYMBOLS, SEG_SYMB_CTXTS, SEG_SYMBOLS.Length);
			}
			
			// Reset the MQ context states if we need to
			if ((options & CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_RESET_MQ) != 0)
			{
				mq.resetCtxts();
			}
			
			// Terminate the MQ bit stream if we need to
			if (doterm)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.terminate(); // Termination has special length
			}
			else
			{
				// Use normal length calculation
				ratebuf[pidx] = mq.NumCodedBytes;
			}
			// Add length of previous segments, if any
			if (ltpidx >= 0)
			{
				ratebuf[pidx] += ratebuf[ltpidx];
			}
			// Finish length calculation if needed
			if (doterm)
			{
				mq.finishLengthCalculation(ratebuf, pidx);
			}
			// Return the reduction in distortion
			return dist;
		}
		
		/// <summary> Ensures that at the end of a non-terminated coding pass there is not a
		/// 0xFF byte, modifying the stored rates if necessary.
		/// 
		/// <p>Due to error resiliance reasons, a coding pass should never have its
		/// last byte be a 0xFF, since that can lead to the emulation of a resync
		/// marker. This method checks if that is the case, and reduces the rate
		/// for a given pass if necessary. The ommitted 0xFF will be synthetized by
		/// the decoder if necessary, as required by JPEG 2000. This method should
		/// only be called once that the entire code-block is coded.</p>
		/// 
		/// <p>Passes that are terminated are not checked for the 0xFF byte, since
		/// it is assumed that the termination procedure does not output any
		/// trailing 0xFF. Checking the terminated segments would involve much more
		/// than just modifying the stored rates.</p>
		/// 
		/// <p>NOTE: It is assumed by this method that the coded data does not
		/// contain consecutive 0xFF bytes, as is the case with the MQ and
		/// 'arithemetic coding bypass' bit stuffing policy. However, the
		/// termination policies used should also respect this requirement.</p>
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="data">The coded data for the code-block
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="rates">The rate (i.e. accumulated number of bytes) for each
		/// coding pass
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="isterm">An array of flags indicating, for each pass, if it is
		/// terminated or not. If null it is assumed that no pass is terminated,
		/// except the last one.
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="n">The number of coding passes
		/// 
		/// </param>
		static private void  checkEndOfPassFF(byte[] data, int[] rates, bool[] isterm, int n)
		{
			int dp; // the position to test in 'data'
			
			// If a pass ends in 0xFF we need to reduce the number of bytes in it,
			// so that it does not end in 0xFF. We only need to go back one byte
			// since there can be no consecutive 0xFF bytes.
			
			// If there are no terminated passes avoid the test on 'isterm'
			if (isterm == null)
			{
				for (n--; n >= 0; n--)
				{
					dp = rates[n] - 1;
					if (dp >= 0 && (data[dp] == (byte)0xFF))
					{
						rates[n]--;
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
				for (n--; n >= 0; n--)
				{
					if (!isterm[n])
					{
						dp = rates[n] - 1;
						if (dp >= 0 && (data[dp] == (byte)0xFF))
						{
							rates[n]--;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		
		/// <summary> Load options, length calculation type and termination type for each
		/// tile-component.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="nt">The number of tiles
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="nc">The number of components
		/// 
		/// </param>
		public virtual void  initTileComp(int nt, int nc)
		{
			
			opts = new int[nt][];
			for (int i2 = 0; i2 < nt; i2++)
			{
				opts[i2] = new int[nc];
			}
			lenCalc = new int[nt][];
			for (int i3 = 0; i3 < nt; i3++)
			{
				lenCalc[i3] = new int[nc];
			}
			tType = new int[nt][];
			for (int i4 = 0; i4 < nt; i4++)
			{
				tType[i4] = new int[nc];
			}
			
			for (int t = 0; t < nt; t++)
			{
				for (int c = 0; c < nc; c++)
				{
					opts[t][c] = 0;
					
					// Bypass coding mode ?
					if (((System.String) bms.getTileCompVal(t, c)).ToUpper().Equals("on".ToUpper()))
					{
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS;
					}
					// MQ reset after each coding pass ?
					if (((System.String) mqrs.getTileCompVal(t, c)).ToUpper().Equals("on".ToUpper()))
					{
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_RESET_MQ;
					}
					// MQ termination after each arithmetically coded coding pass ?
					if (((System.String) rts.getTileCompVal(t, c)).ToUpper().Equals("on".ToUpper()))
					{
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS;
					}
					// Vertically stripe-causal context mode ?
					if (((System.String) css.getTileCompVal(t, c)).ToUpper().Equals("on".ToUpper()))
					{
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_VERT_STR_CAUSAL;
					}
					// Error resilience segmentation symbol insertion ?
					if (((System.String) sss.getTileCompVal(t, c)).ToUpper().Equals("on".ToUpper()))
					{
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_SEG_SYMBOLS;
					}
					
					// Set length calculation type of the MQ coder
					System.String lCalcType = (System.String) lcs.getTileCompVal(t, c);
					if (lCalcType.Equals("near_opt"))
					{
						lenCalc[t][c] = MQCoder.LENGTH_NEAR_OPT;
					}
					else if (lCalcType.Equals("lazy_good"))
					{
						lenCalc[t][c] = MQCoder.LENGTH_LAZY_GOOD;
					}
					else if (lCalcType.Equals("lazy"))
					{
						lenCalc[t][c] = MQCoder.LENGTH_LAZY;
					}
					else
					{
						throw new System.ArgumentException("Unrecognized or " + "unsupported MQ " + "length calculation.");
					}
					
					// Set termination type of MQ coder
					System.String termType = (System.String) tts.getTileCompVal(t, c);
					if (termType.ToUpper().Equals("easy".ToUpper()))
					{
						tType[t][c] = MQCoder.TERM_EASY;
					}
					else if (termType.ToUpper().Equals("full".ToUpper()))
					{
						tType[t][c] = MQCoder.TERM_FULL;
					}
					else if (termType.ToUpper().Equals("near_opt".ToUpper()))
					{
						tType[t][c] = MQCoder.TERM_NEAR_OPT;
					}
					else if (termType.ToUpper().Equals("predict".ToUpper()))
					{
						tType[t][c] = MQCoder.TERM_PRED_ER;
						opts[t][c] |= CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_PRED_TERM;
						if ((opts[t][c] & (CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_TERM_PASS | CSJ2K.j2k.entropy.StdEntropyCoderOptions.OPT_BYPASS)) == 0)
						{
							FacilityManager.getMsgLogger().printmsg(CSJ2K.j2k.util.MsgLogger_Fields.INFO, "Using error resilient MQ" + " termination, but terminating only at " + "the end of code-blocks. The error " + "protection offered by this option will" + " be very weak. Specify the " + "'Cterminate' " + "and/or 'Cbypass' option for " + "increased error resilience.");
						}
					}
					else
					{
						throw new System.ArgumentException("Unrecognized or " + "unsupported " + "MQ coder " + "termination.");
					}
				} // End loop on components
			} // End loop on tiles
		}
		
		/// <summary> Returns the precinct partition width for the specified component, tile
		/// and resolution level.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="t">the tile index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="c">the component
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="rl">the resolution level
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The precinct partition width for the specified component, tile
		/// and resolution level
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		public override int getPPX(int t, int c, int rl)
		{
			return pss.getPPX(t, c, rl);
		}
		
		/// <summary> Returns the precinct partition height for the specified component, tile
		/// and resolution level.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="t">the tile index
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="c">the component
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="rl">the resolution level
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> The precinct partition height for the specified component, tile
		/// and resolution level
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		public override int getPPY(int t, int c, int rl)
		{
			return pss.getPPY(t, c, rl);
		}
		
		/// <summary> Returns true if precinct partition is used for the specified component
		/// and tile, returns false otherwise.
		/// 
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="c">The component
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="t">The tile 
		/// 
		/// </param>
		/// <returns> True if precinct partition is used for the specified component
		/// and tile, returns false otherwise.
		/// 
		/// </returns>
		public override bool precinctPartitionUsed(int c, int t)
		{
			return precinctPartition[c][t];
		}
		/// <summary>Static initializer: initializes all the lookup tables. </summary>
		static StdEntropyCoder()
		{
			{
				int i, j;
				double val, deltaMSE;
				int[] inter_sc_lut;
				int ds, us, rs, ls;
				int dsgn, usgn, rsgn, lsgn;
				int h, v;
				
				// Initialize the zero coding lookup tables
				
				// LH
				
				// - No neighbors significant
				ZC_LUT_LH[0] = 2;
				
				// - No horizontal or vertical neighbors significant
				for (i = 1; i < 16; i++)
				{
					// Two or more diagonal coeffs significant
					ZC_LUT_LH[i] = 4;
				}
				for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
				{
					// Only one diagonal coeff significant
					ZC_LUT_LH[1 << i] = 3;
				}
				// - No horizontal neighbors significant, diagonal irrelevant
				for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
				{
					// Only one vertical coeff significant
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_V_U_R1 | i] = 5;
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_V_D_R1 | i] = 5;
					// The two vertical coeffs significant
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | i] = 6;
				}
				// - One horiz. neighbor significant, diagonal/vertical non-significant
				ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_L_R1] = 7;
				ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_R_R1] = 7;
				// - One horiz. significant, no vertical significant, one or more
				// diagonal significant
				for (i = 1; i < 16; i++)
				{
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_L_R1 | i] = 8;
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_R_R1 | i] = 8;
				}
				// - One horiz. significant, one or more vertical significant,
				// diagonal irrelevant
				for (i = 1; i < 4; i++)
				{
					for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
					{
						ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_L_R1 | (i << 4) | j] = 9;
						ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_R_R1 | (i << 4) | j] = 9;
					}
				}
				// - Two horiz. significant, others irrelevant
				for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
				{
					ZC_LUT_LH[STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_R_R1 | i] = 10;
				}
				
				// HL
				
				// - No neighbors significant
				ZC_LUT_HL[0] = 2;
				// - No horizontal or vertical neighbors significant
				for (i = 1; i < 16; i++)
				{
					// Two or more diagonal coeffs significant
					ZC_LUT_HL[i] = 4;
				}
				for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
				{
					// Only one diagonal coeff significant
					ZC_LUT_HL[1 << i] = 3;
				}
				// - No vertical significant, diagonal irrelevant
				for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
				{
					// One horiz. significant
					ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_H_L_R1 | i] = 5;
					ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_H_R_R1 | i] = 5;
					// Two horiz. significant
					ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_H_L_R1 | STATE_H_R_R1 | i] = 6;
				}
				// - One vert. significant, diagonal/horizontal non-significant
				ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_V_U_R1] = 7;
				ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_V_D_R1] = 7;
				// - One vert. significant, horizontal non-significant, one or more
				// diag. significant
				for (i = 1; i < 16; i++)
				{
					ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_V_U_R1 | i] = 8;
					ZC_LUT_HL[STATE_V_D_R1 | i] = 8;
				}
				// - One vertical significant, one or more horizontal significant,
				// diagonal irrelevant
				for (i = 1; i < 4; i++)
				{
					for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
					{
						ZC_LUT_HL[(i << 6) | STATE_V_U_R1 | j] = 9;
						ZC_LUT_HL[(i << 6) | STATE_V_D_R1 | j] = 9;
					}
				}
				// - Two vertical significant, others irrelevant
				for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
				{
					for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
					{
						ZC_LUT_HL[(i << 6) | STATE_V_U_R1 | STATE_V_D_R1 | j] = 10;
					}
				}
				
				// HH
				int[] twoBits = new int[]{3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12}; // Figures (between 0 and 15)
				// countaning 2 and only 2 bits on in its binary representation.
				
				int[] oneBit = new int[]{1, 2, 4, 8}; // Figures (between 0 and 15)
				// countaning 1 and only 1 bit on in its binary representation.
				
				int[] twoLeast = new int[]{3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}; // Figures
				// (between 0 and 15) countaining, at least, 2 bits on in its
				// binary representation. 
				
				int[] threeLeast = new int[]{7, 11, 13, 14, 15}; // Figures
				// (between 0 and 15) countaining, at least, 3 bits on in its
				// binary representation.
				
				// - None significant
				ZC_LUT_HH[0] = 2;
				
				// - One horizontal+vertical significant, none diagonal
				for (i = 0; i < oneBit.Length; i++)
					ZC_LUT_HH[oneBit[i] << 4] = 3;
				
				// - Two or more horizontal+vertical significant, diagonal non-signif
				for (i = 0; i < twoLeast.Length; i++)
					ZC_LUT_HH[twoLeast[i] << 4] = 4;
				
				// - One diagonal significant, horiz./vert. non-significant
				for (i = 0; i < oneBit.Length; i++)
					ZC_LUT_HH[oneBit[i]] = 5;
				
				// - One diagonal significant, one horiz.+vert. significant
				for (i = 0; i < oneBit.Length; i++)
					for (j = 0; j < oneBit.Length; j++)
						ZC_LUT_HH[(oneBit[i] << 4) | oneBit[j]] = 6;
				
				// - One diag signif, two or more horiz+vert signif
				for (i = 0; i < twoLeast.Length; i++)
					for (j = 0; j < oneBit.Length; j++)
						ZC_LUT_HH[(twoLeast[i] << 4) | oneBit[j]] = 7;
				
				// - Two diagonal significant, none horiz+vert significant
				for (i = 0; i < twoBits.Length; i++)
					ZC_LUT_HH[twoBits[i]] = 8;
				
				// - Two diagonal significant, one or more horiz+vert significant
				for (j = 0; j < twoBits.Length; j++)
					for (i = 1; i < 16; i++)
						ZC_LUT_HH[(i << 4) | twoBits[j]] = 9;
				
				// - Three or more diagonal significant, horiz+vert irrelevant
				for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
					for (j = 0; j < threeLeast.Length; j++)
						ZC_LUT_HH[(i << 4) | threeLeast[j]] = 10;
				
				// Initialize the SC lookup tables
				
				// Use an intermediate sign code lookup table that is similar to the
				// one in the VM text, in that it depends on the 'h' and 'v'
				// quantities. The index into this table is a 6 bit index, the top 3
				// bits are (h+1) and the low 3 bits (v+1).
				inter_sc_lut = new int[36];
				inter_sc_lut[(2 << 3) | 2] = 15;
				inter_sc_lut[(2 << 3) | 1] = 14;
				inter_sc_lut[(2 << 3) | 0] = 13;
				inter_sc_lut[(1 << 3) | 2] = 12;
				inter_sc_lut[(1 << 3) | 1] = 11;
				inter_sc_lut[(1 << 3) | 0] = 12 | INT_SIGN_BIT;
				inter_sc_lut[(0 << 3) | 2] = 13 | INT_SIGN_BIT;
				inter_sc_lut[(0 << 3) | 1] = 14 | INT_SIGN_BIT;
				inter_sc_lut[(0 << 3) | 0] = 15 | INT_SIGN_BIT;
				
				// Using the intermediate sign code lookup table create the final
				// one. The index into this table is a 9 bit index, the low 4 bits are 
				// the significance of the 4 horizontal/vertical neighbors, while the
				// top 4 bits are the signs of those neighbors. The bit in the middle
				// is ignored. This index arrangement matches the state bits in the
				// 'state' array, thus direct addressing of the table can be done from 
				// the sate information.
				for (i = 0; i < (1 << SC_LUT_BITS) - 1; i++)
				{
					ds = i & 0x01; // significance of down neighbor
					us = (i >> 1) & 0x01; // significance of up neighbor
					rs = (i >> 2) & 0x01; // significance of right neighbor
					ls = (i >> 3) & 0x01; // significance of left neighbor
					dsgn = (i >> 5) & 0x01; // sign of down neighbor
					usgn = (i >> 6) & 0x01; // sign of up neighbor
					rsgn = (i >> 7) & 0x01; // sign of right neighbor
					lsgn = (i >> 8) & 0x01; // sign of left neighbor
					// Calculate 'h' and 'v' as in VM text
					h = ls * (1 - 2 * lsgn) + rs * (1 - 2 * rsgn);
					h = (h >= - 1)?h:- 1;
					h = (h <= 1)?h:1;
					v = us * (1 - 2 * usgn) + ds * (1 - 2 * dsgn);
					v = (v >= - 1)?v:- 1;
					v = (v <= 1)?v:1;
					// Get context and sign predictor from 'inter_sc_lut'
					SC_LUT[i] = inter_sc_lut[(h + 1) << 3 | (v + 1)];
				}
				inter_sc_lut = null;
				
				// Initialize the MR lookup tables
				
				// None significant, prev MR off
				MR_LUT[0] = 16;
				// One or more significant, prev MR off
				for (i = 1; i < (1 << (MR_LUT_BITS - 1)); i++)
				{
					MR_LUT[i] = 17;
				}
				// Previous MR on, significance irrelevant
				for (; i < (1 << MR_LUT_BITS); i++)
				{
					MR_LUT[i] = 18;
				}
				
				// Initialize the distortion estimation lookup tables
				
				// fs tables
				for (i = 0; i < (1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)); i++)
				{
					// In fs we index by val-1, since val is really: 1 <= val < 2
					val = (double) i / (1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)) + 1.0;
					deltaMSE = val * val;
					//UPGRADE_WARNING: Data types in Visual C# might be different.  Verify the accuracy of narrowing conversions. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1042'"
					FS_LOSSLESS[i] = (int) System.Math.Floor(deltaMSE * ((double) (1 << MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS)) + 0.5);
					val -= 1.5;
					deltaMSE -= val * val;
					//UPGRADE_WARNING: Data types in Visual C# might be different.  Verify the accuracy of narrowing conversions. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1042'"
					FS_LOSSY[i] = (int) System.Math.Floor(deltaMSE * ((double) (1 << MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS)) + 0.5);
				}
				
				// fm tables
				for (i = 0; i < (1 << MSE_LKP_BITS); i++)
				{
					val = (double) i / (1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1));
					deltaMSE = (val - 1.0) * (val - 1.0);
					//UPGRADE_WARNING: Data types in Visual C# might be different.  Verify the accuracy of narrowing conversions. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1042'"
					FM_LOSSLESS[i] = (int) System.Math.Floor(deltaMSE * ((double) (1 << MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS)) + 0.5);
					val -= ((i < (1 << (MSE_LKP_BITS - 1)))?0.5:1.5);
					deltaMSE -= val * val;
					//UPGRADE_WARNING: Data types in Visual C# might be different.  Verify the accuracy of narrowing conversions. "ms-help://MS.VSCC.v80/dv_commoner/local/redirect.htm?index='!DefaultContextWindowIndex'&keyword='jlca1042'"
					FM_LOSSY[i] = (int) System.Math.Floor(deltaMSE * ((double) (1 << MSE_LKP_FRAC_BITS)) + 0.5);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}